====== How to build uSomIQ Linux kernel with Device Tree support ======
This page describes to how deploy the Ubuntu OS and Debian on a uSomIQ COM.
These instructions were adapted from the ones provided by Robert Nelson available here:\\
[[http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black]]
===== Basic Requirements =====
* ARM Cross Compiler
* Linaro: [https://launchpad.net/linaro-toolchain-binaries]
* Bootloader
* Das U-Boot -- the Universal Boot Loader [http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot]
* Source -- [http://git.denx.de/?p=u-boot.git;a=summary]
* Linux Kernel
* Linus's Mainline tree: [http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git;a=summary]
* ARM based rootfs
* Debian Squeeze: [http://www.debian.org/]
===== GCC Toolchain =====
wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/14.04/components/toolchain/binaries/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2014.04_linux.tar.xz
tar xf gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2014.04_linux.tar.xz
export CC=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2014.04_linux/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
===== Bootloader =====
Das U-Boot -- the Universal Boot Loader [http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot]
==== U-Boot Download ====
Download U-Boot via git:
git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git
cd u-boot/
git checkout v2014.10 -b tmp
==== U-Boot Patches ====
wget http://www.mentorel.com/downloads/usomiq/patches/u-boot-usomiq-v2014.10.patch
patch -p1 < u-boot-usomiq-v2014.10.patch
==== U-Boot Configure and Build ====
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_evm_config
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}
If you bought modules with NAND flash 1GB and more then you need to compile a different version of u-boot, because this type of NAND has a different physical structure. The commands should be issued:
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_nand4k_defconfig
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}
===== Upgrade distro "device-tree-compiler" package =====
wget -c https://raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/tools/master/pkgs/dtc.sh
chmod +x dtc.sh
./dtc.sh
===== Linux Kernel =====
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
cd bb-kernel/
==== v3.8.x branch (full cape support) ====
git checkout origin/am33x-v3.8 -b tmp
Download a patch to enable uSomIQ support in kernel
wget http://www.mentorel.com/downloads/usomiq/patches/add-usomiq-rcn-v3.8.patch
patch -p1 < add-usomiq-rcn-v3.8.patch
==== v3.18.x branch (SGX and better usb & ethernet) ====
git checkout origin/am33x-v3.18 -b tmp
Download and apply a patch to add usomiq support in the kernel:
wget http://mentorel.com/downloads/usomiq/patches/add-usomiq-rcn-v3.18.patch
patch -p1 < add-usomiq-rcn-v3.18.patch
If you bought modules with NAND flash 1GB and more then you need to open the file patch.sh, look for this section:
usomiq () {
git apply "${DIR}/patches/usomiq/0001-add-usomiq-dts.patch"
#git apply "${DIR}/patches/usomiq/0002-add-usomiq-nand4k.patch"
}
and remove the '#' symbol before the second git command.
Run Build Script:
./build_kernel.sh
The kernel zImage and modules will be under the deploy directory.
====== Root File System ======
===== Debian 8.0.0 (Wheezy) Root File System =====
This file system is very small and can be installed to the NAND flash on uSomIQ. It is not that small like Angstrom minimal distribution (~20M), but will require around 75M on the flash. However it is a real Debian system with apt-get utility installed.
Default User: debian
Password: temppwd
Root User: root
Root Password: root
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/debian-8.2-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
verify the image with:
md5sum debian-8.2-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
406cd5193f4ba6c2694e053961103d1a debian-8.2-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
Extract Image:
tar xf debian-8.2-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
Now you have a directory with the archived (tar) file system itself and a file with user names/passwords.
===== Ubuntu 14.04 Root File System =====
Default User: ubuntu
Password: temppwd
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/ubuntu-14.04.3-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
verify the image with:
md5sum ubuntu-14.04.3-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
b119ede365e7e7f6d380a5c16592f312 ubuntu-14.04.3-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
Extract Image:
tar xf ubuntu-14.04.3-minimal-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
Now you have a directory with the archived (tar) file system itself and a file with user names/passwords.
===== Root File System for NAND =====
A Root File System around 64Mb in size, for flash applications.
**Debian 7 (small flash)**
^ User ^ Password ^
| debian | temppwd |
| root | root |
Download:
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/barefs/debian-8.2-bare-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
Verify:
md5sum debian-8.2-bare-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
033a436bcb13b8c98dd7fa4d3ec37503 debian-8.2-bare-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
Extract:
tar xf debian-8.2-bare-armhf-2015-09-07.tar.xz
====== Install Ubuntu/Debian ======
===== SD card =====
==== Setup microSD card ====
For these instruction, we are assuming: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0, "sudo fdisk \-l" is useful for determining the device id..
export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
Erase microSD card:
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1024 count=1024
sudo parted --script ${DISK} mklabel msdos
Setup Boot Partition:
sudo fdisk ${DISK} << __EOF__
n
p
1
+64M
t
e
p
w
__EOF__
Set Boot Flag
sudo parted --script ${DISK} set 1 boot on
Format Boot Partition as vfat:
DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 ${DISK}p1 -n boot
(or)
DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 ${DISK}1 -n boot
Setup Root File System Partition:
sudo fdisk ${DISK} << __EOF__
n
p
2
w
__EOF__
Format rootfs as ext4:
DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mkfs.ext4 ${DISK}p2 -L rootfs
(or)
DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.ext4 ${DISK}2 -L rootfs
==== Mount Partitions ====
*Note: On most systems these partitions will be auto-mounted...*
sudo mkdir -p /media/boot/
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/
DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mount ${DISK}p1 /media/boot/
sudo mount ${DISK}p2 /media/rootfs/
(or)
DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mount ${DISK}1 /media/boot/
sudo mount ${DISK}2 /media/rootfs/
==== Install Bootloaders ====
Copy MLO/u-boot.img to the boot partition
sudo cp -v ./u-boot/MLO /media/boot/
sudo cp -v ./u-boot/u-boot.img /media/boot/
==== uEnv.txt based bootscript ====
Create "uEnv.txt" boot script: (nano uEnv.txt)
mmcroot=/dev/mmcblk0p2 ro
mmcrootfstype=ext4 rootwait fixrtc
loadfdt=load mmc ${bootpart} ${fdtaddr} ${bootdir}/dtbs/${fdtfile}
##Un-comment to enable systemd in Debian Wheezy
#optargs=quiet init=/lib/systemd/systemd
Copy uEnv.txt to the boot partition:
sudo cp -v ./uEnv.txt /media/boot/
==== Install Kernel and Root File System ====
To help new users, since the kernel version can change on a daily basis. The kernel building scripts in this git repo will now give you a hint of what kernel version was built.
-----------------------------
Script Complete
eewiki.net: [user@localhost:~$ export kernel_version=3.X.Y-Z]
-----------------------------
Copy and Paste that "export kernel_version=3.X.Y-Z" exactly as shown in your own build/desktop environment:
export kernel_version=3.X.Y-Z
Copy Root File System:
sudo tar xfvp ./*-*-minimal-arm*-*/arm*-rootfs-*.tar -C /media/rootfs/
Copy Kernel zImage:
sudo cp -v ./linux-dev/deploy/${kernel_version}.zImage /media/rootfs/boot/zImage
Kernel Device Tree Binaries:
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/
sudo tar xfov ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/
sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-firmware.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/lib/firmware/
Copy Kernel modules:
sudo tar xfv ./linux-dev/deploy/${kernel_version}-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/
Setup /etc/fstab:
sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/fstab
Add:
/dev/mmcblk0p2 / auto errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /boot/uboot auto defaults 0 0
=== Enable Networking ===
sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces
Add:
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
=== Enable Serial Login ===
**Ubuntu:**
sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/init/serial.conf
Add:
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO0
Remove microSD card:
sync
sudo umount /media/boot
sudo umount /media/rootfs
===== Install Debian to NAND =====
Here you will learn how install Debian to a UBIFS partition on a uSomIQ system on module.
1) Install Ubuntu or Debian to a SD card as described in the previous step
2) Download and extract a small Debian file system as described [[#root_file_system_for_nand]]
You will have an archive debian-7.5-bare-armhf-2014-07-07.tar after extracting. Place this archive to the SD card with OS installed in the previous step.
3) Boot the board with the SD card to u-boot and issue the following commands:
nand erase.chip
mmc rescan
load mmc 0 ${loadaddr} MLO
nand write ${loadaddr} NAND.SPL
nand write ${loadaddr} NAND.SPL.backup1
Load the u-boot image u-boot.img to NAND.
load mmc 0 ${loadaddr} u-boot.img
nand write ${loadaddr} NAND.u-boot
Load the device tree binary
run loadbootenv
run importbootenv
run findfdt
run loadfdt
nand write ${fdtaddr} NAND.u-boot-spl-os
Load the kernel image zImage to NAND.
run loadimage
nand write ${loadaddr} NAND.kernel
4) Boot farther to OS
5) Prepare a UBIFS partition
For more information visit: [[http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/UBIFS_Support]]
Preparing NAND partition for modules with 256MB
ubiformat /dev/mtd9 -s 2048 -O 2048
ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 9 -O 2048
ubimkvol /dev/ubi0 -s 230MiB -N rootfs
mount -t ubifs ubi0:rootfs /mnt
Preparing NAND partition for modules with 512MB
ubiformat /dev/mtd9 -s 2048 -O 2048
ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 9 -O 2048
ubimkvol /dev/ubi0 -s 450MiB -N rootfs
mount -t ubifs ubi0:rootfs /mnt
Preparing NAND partition for modules with 1024MB
ubiformat /dev/mtd9 -s 2048 -O 2048
ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 9 -O 2048
ubimkvol /dev/ubi0 -s 950MiB -N rootfs
mount -t ubifs ubi0:rootfs /mnt
6) Install the file system to the UBIFS-partiotion
cd /mnt
tar xf /debian-7.5-bare-armhf-2014-07-07.tar
sync
7) Enable the Serial login
Edit the file /mnt/etc/inittab as described for the SD card installation.
8) Enable Network
Edit the file /mnt/etc/network/interfaces as described for the SD card installation.
9) Remove the SD card and reboot the board